European Brown Hare

Characteristics:
The European brown hare is larger and longer-legged than the mountain hare. Body length 50–70 cm, weight 3–6 kg. The ears are longer than the head and have distinct black tips. The tail is black on top and white underneath. Its fur is yellowish-brown to grey-brown throughout the year — unlike the mountain hare, the brown hare does not change colour in winter.

Habitat:
Common in southern and central Sweden, but absent in the far north and on Gotland. The species thrives in open farmland, meadows, and pastures, and is often seen near fields, roadsides, and villages.

Behaviour:
Mostly active at dusk and night. The brown hare is solitary, but several hares may gather on open ground during the spring mating season. It can run up to 70 km/h and escapes predators in long, looping sprints.

Diet:
Herbivorous. Feeds on grasses, herbs, crops, cereals, and root vegetables. In winter, it eats bark, buds, and twigs.

Reproduction:
Mating occurs from February to August. The female produces 2–4 litters per year, each with 1–5 leverets. Gestation lasts around 42–44 days. The leverets are born fully furred, with open eyes, and are able to move independently soon after birth.

Tracks and signs:

• Tracks: Two long hind feet (up to 15 cm) placed in front of the shorter front paws — typical hare pattern. The tracks are longer and broader than those of the mountain hare.
• Droppings: Small, round pellets (about 1–1.5 cm in diameter), often in clusters.
• Resting place (form): A shallow scrape in the ground, usually at the edge of a field or under bushes and tall grass.

Distribution:
Introduced to Sweden in the 19th century, the brown hare has spread widely across the country. It has partly displaced the mountain hare in southern Sweden due to its adaptation to open landscapes and milder winters.

Hunting:
Hunting takes place from September 1 to late February, depending on regional regulations. The most common methods are driven hunts using scent hounds (stövare) and stalking. Hunting is often carried out at dawn or dusk along field edges and forest margins.

Firearm class (Sweden):
Hunted with shotgun, or with a class 3 rifle. (typically pellet size no. 4–6).

Think for the hunting exam:

• Larger than the mountain hare, with ears longer than the head.
• Does not change coat colour in winter.
• Tail: black above, white below.
• Prefers open farmland and meadows.
• Hunted with shotgun or class 3 rifle.
• Common quarry for scent hounds (stövare).